Brick production came to us from antiquity. After all, even in the Bible there are stories about how the Israelites did this for the pharaoh. And although the term "brick" is understood by many as clay material, kilned in a furnace, this is not entirely true.
A bit of history
Until now, in the Egyptian provinces you can see mud cubes, which are dried in the sun and used in the future as building material. Brick houses and bathhouses began to be built after frequent fires.
Over the past few decades, brick making equipment has changed a lot. Previously, when creating this building material, only molds were used that were placed in a special furnace. To produce the same brick, the most modern automation is used today.
In past centuries, any building material was made by hand. Therefore, artisanal furnaces intended for roasting, as well as hand presses, etc., can be safely called the forerunners of modern machines or automated equipment, which facilitated, and in some cases completely replaced, non-mechanized labor.
Technology
There are several of the most common technologies at once, according to which this building material, which has become very popular in our country, is manufactured. For example, the methods by which bricks are made from special clay mass on tape presses, and then placed in an oven or simply dried.
The first technology involves crushing the feedstock to a five-millimeter fraction, mixing it in a concrete mixer with water and cement, and then pressing and drying it. The non-firing method involves the use of equipment for vibropressing, including hyperpress for brick production.
Drying
It occurs as follows: the chamber is completely filled with clay, closed and begin to warm up. A similar process is based on drying with exhaust steam, it does not require large spaces and does not depend on the climate of the room. As the temperature level in the drying chamber increases, moisture from the clay evaporates, providing the movement of hot air currents inside it, heating the brick and allowing it to evenly warm up.
Straight to the oven
After completing this process, the resulting product is sent straight to the kiln for brick production. The temperature in it reaches a thousand degrees. Brick, firing to the state when sintering occurs, acquires a matte surface.
The quality control of the product is carried out by hitting it on some hard surface in order to break it. The “correct” brick should crack loudly, and at the break have a uniform surface without any voids. And, accordingly, vice versa.
Brick Production Equipment
The technological chain of obtaining this building material is arranged in the following order. The bunkers receive raw materials - cement and inert materials, where they are stored. The feed takes place using special dispensers.
An important element is the concrete mixer, in which the working mixture is prepared and then pressed. After that, the bricks that have taken the necessary shape enter the dryer.The equipment for the production of bricks also presupposes the presence of a stacker machine, which will remove the finished bars and lay on a pallet.
Home Production
Some entrepreneurs, and at the same time developers, are initially engaged in the manufacture of bricks for their needs, and then, if they do it well, they organize their own small business. This building material will always be in demand, since it is considered the main one. The functions that a brick-making machine performs are to compress a mixture of cement, screenings and clay in a special form by hand pressing. In addition, there is a dispenser with a loading hopper.
Brick characteristics
An important factor is that this brick making machine is not connected to electricity, and besides, it is very easy to operate. It provides products with the following technical characteristics:
• environmental friendliness, ensured by using natural safe raw materials - sand and lime as a source material;
• sound insulation necessary for the construction of both interior and apartment walls;
• much higher density than the ceramic counterpart, which makes the resulting brick the most optimal option for the construction of walls or pillars in civil and industrial construction;
• frost resistance and strength, which in their indicator significantly exceed the similar technical characteristics of most lightweight concrete: for example, a facade made of silicate brick, manufacturers give a quality guarantee of at least fifty years.
In almost every machine that produces bricks, it is envisaged to stain the resulting product in bulk.
Turret Press
The most common machine of this type is a brick revolving press with a base rotating like a pistol drum. The latter provides for several forms of acceptance. They fill the mixture necessary for the manufacture of bricks. And while the raw is pressed in one form, the solution is again poured into the others or the finished product is extracted.
Such a press makes it possible to several times reduce the manufacturing time of the middle batch of this building material. Use it in small companies that are engaged in the manufacture of bricks with its subsequent implementation.
Varieties of presses
No less widespread are other varieties of this equipment. For example, in a screw press for brick production, all processes are automated. This machine is a cast iron housing, a screw shaft and a supercharger.
As a raw material, it uses clay mass with a moisture content of up to twenty-five percent, from which a pressed beam with the desired cross section is obtained at the output. In the future, it is possible to cut it into several bricks, and use it as a separate building block.
Vibropress for brick production
This, in fact, is a whole mini-factory, which includes a conveyor belt and a concrete mixer, as well as a vibrating press and a mechanism for moving the finished product. Using such a line allows you to produce very high-quality bricks. Modern vibrating presses are universal devices by means of which paving slabs, cinder blocks, facing materials, as well as curbs, etc. are produced.
Hyperpression
This technology without the use of firing is based on the fact that the process uses equipment for the production of hyper pressed brick, which allows the formation of finely ground limestone rocks by partial diffusion - cold welding. For this purpose, hyperpress is used for brick production.
The main raw material is sand - river and quarry, as well as screenings from the development of carbonate rocks, such as limestone or shell rock, as well as dolomites and travertines, marble and dolomite calcareous screenings of rubble and other soft rocks.
Hyper pressed brick
This building material is distinguished by the correct geometric shape, high strength, decorativeness and frost resistance. The raw material for it can be not only waste of limestone-shell rock, but also sludge from chemical water treatment of thermal power plants, etc. The resulting product does not need high-temperature firing treatment, so its cost is lower than that of ceramic brick.
This type of brick is obtained by the method of semi-dry hyperpressing, which is a technology that came from Europe. Its essence speaks for itself. Bricks are obtained by applying increased pressure to the compressed material from a mixture of crushed limestone, cement and dyes.
This building material has several advantages: its excellent performance makes it similar to natural stone. In addition to frost resistance and increased strength, this type of brick practically does not absorb moisture and tolerates temperature extremes.
In addition, it is quite resistant to wear. Since facing bars are also produced by this technique, special equipment for the production of hyper-pressed bricks makes it possible to make it with a smooth and perfectly even surface. Walls of this material no longer require additional decoration.
